PT-141 / Bremelanotide
Also known as: Bremelanotide · Vyleesi · PT141
PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a melanocortin receptor agonist FDA-approved as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. Acts centrally on the brain's arousal pathways, not peripherally on blood flow. Used off-label by men for erectile dysfunction.
Last reviewed · Panya.health editorial
Panya scores vendors against an 11-signal rubric. Vendors at or above 70 out of 100 are routable; below 70 are documented but get no Panya affiliate link. For prescription peptides like Mounjaro and Wegovy, Panya routes today through licensed clinicians. For research peptides like PT-141 / Bremelanotide, vendor scorecards land in a follow-up sprint after legal review and payment processor selection. Until then, the page surfaces commonly-mentioned vendor names so adults can do their own diligence. We do not yet earn commission on any PT-141 / Bremelanotide vendor.
Not medical advice. PT-141 / Bremelanotide is not approved for human medical use in most jurisdictions. The data below is what users do; it is not what regulators have validated. You decide your risk profile.
What it does, and how
PT-141 is a synthetic 7-amino-acid peptide derived from melanotan-2, with greater selectivity for the MC3R and MC4R melanocortin receptors and minimal MC1R (skin pigment) activity. Mechanism is central, not peripheral: the compound crosses the blood-brain barrier and engages hypothalamic and brainstem regions involved in sexual arousal and motivation. This is fundamentally different from sildenafil-class drugs, which work peripherally by enhancing penile blood flow. Originally developed by Palatin Technologies through the 2000s; Phase 3 trials in premenopausal women with HSDD (RECONNECT, NCT02333071) led to FDA approval as Vyleesi in 2019. Off-label use in men for erectile dysfunction is widespread in the research-chem and men's-health-clinic space; the central mechanism is plausible for ED but Phase 3 in men was discontinued by Palatin before approval.
Typical practice
Approved dose for Vyleesi (HSDD): 1.75 mg subcutaneous on-demand, approximately 45 minutes before anticipated sexual activity, no more than once per 24 hours and no more than 8 doses per month. Off-label community practice for men: 1 to 2 mg subcutaneous, similar timing. Effects begin in 30 to 60 minutes and last 2 to 6 hours. Reconstitution math is the same as other lyophilized peptides; the calculator at panya.health/tools/reconstitution-calculator handles the dilution. Research-chem PT-141 vials typically run 10 mg per vial reconstituted in 2 mL bacteriostatic water for 5 mg/mL concentration.
The dosing above is community practice, not a regulator-validated protocol. Trial-validated dosing for PT-141 / Bremelanotide in humans does not exist for most use cases listed.
Risks and contraindications
Most common side effects from the Vyleesi label: nausea (40 percent in trials), facial flushing, headache. Transient blood pressure elevation (mean 6 mmHg systolic, 3 mmHg diastolic) lasting 8 to 12 hours; this is a real consideration for users with hypertension or cardiovascular disease. Focal hyperpigmentation (small dark spots) at injection sites or on the face has been reported with repeated use; mechanism is residual MC1R activity. Pregnancy and breastfeeding off-limits. Concomitant use with naltrexone or other oral opioid antagonists reduces efficacy because the mechanism overlaps. The off-label-in-men case is the cleaner research-chem use case because the safety profile is the same as the approved indication; the off-label-for-priapism case in men with no documented ED is where the trade gets harder.
Where this stands legally
FDA-approved as Vyleesi (Palatin Technologies) for HSDD in premenopausal women, 2019. Brand product available through telehealth and standard pharmacy. Off-label prescribing in men is at the prescriber's discretion. Research-chem channel exists but operates outside the approved supply chain.
Vyleesi is not licensed by the MHRA in the UK. PT-141 is not formally scheduled. Some UK private clinics prescribe imported Vyleesi via specials licensing for HSDD; off-label men's-health use is widespread through research-chem channels.
Vyleesi is not approved by EMA. Some EU member states (notably Germany, Netherlands) have private clinics importing under specials. Research-chem availability is high.
Vyleesi is not registered with the TGA. Personal-import via the TGA Personal Importation Scheme is permitted with a doctor's letter. Off-label research-chem use carries Schedule 4 import restrictions.
Vyleesi is not registered with FDA Thailand. Bangkok men's-health clinics offer PT-141 protocols (often bundled with TRT or sermorelin) under in-house dispensing. Research-chem channels are widely available.
Vyleesi is not approved by MOHAP. PT-141 sold as a research peptide is treated as prescription-only by default. Personal-use imports require a doctor's letter.
Where users say they source it
Names below are sourced from community discussion. None are currently scored against the Panya 11-signal rubric. Panya does not earn commission on any of these. You can search them yourself; treat the list as a starting point for your own diligence, not an endorsement.
- Palatin / Vyleesi (the FDA-approved brand product, US)Pending Panya 11-signal audit
- Bangkok men's-health clinics (Thailand, in-house dispensing)Pending Panya 11-signal audit
- Pure RawzPending Panya 11-signal audit
- Limitless LifePending Panya 11-signal audit
- AminolabsPending Panya 11-signal audit
Full vendor scorecards for PT-141 / Bremelanotide land in a follow-up sprint after lawyer review and payment processor selection. We will not route users to any vendor that scores below 70 on the rubric.
Papers worth reading directly
- Kingsberg et al. — Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials. Obstet Gynecol, 2019 →
- FDA Vyleesi (bremelanotide) prescribing information →
- Diamond et al. — An effect on the subjective sexual response in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder by bremelanotide. J Sex Med, 2006 →
- Pfaus et al. — The neurobiology of bremelanotide for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. CNS Spectr, 2022 →
Panya blog posts
The phrase on every grey-market peptide site. What it actually means, what it does not mean, and why reading it wrong costs people money.
The five things that matter on a COA, the three things that do not, and the one question that separates a serious vendor from a cargo-cult operator.
The clinic route costs more and takes longer. The research-chem route puts more on you. Neither is wrong. Here is how to choose.
Adjacent reading
Track PT-141 / Bremelanotide in your peptide journal.
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